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1. The Union shall aim to strengthen its scientific and technological bases by achieving a European
research area in which researchers, scientific knowledge and technology circulate freely, and
encourage it to become more competitive, including in its industry, while promoting all the research
activities deemed necessary by virtue of other Chapters of the Constitution.
2. For the purposes referred to in paragraph 1 the Union shall, throughout the Union, encourage
undertakings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, research centres and universities in
their research and technological development activities of high quality. It shall support their efforts to
cooperate with one another, aiming, notably, at permitting researchers to cooperate freely across
borders and at enabling undertakings to exploit the internal market potential, in particular through
the opening-up of national public contracts, the definition of common standards and the removal of
legal and fiscal obstacles to that cooperation.
3. All the Union's activities in the area of research and technological development, including
demonstration projects, shall be decided on and implemented in accordance with this Section.
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In pursuing the objectives referred to in Article III248, the Union shall carry out the following
activities, complementing the activities carried out in the Member States:
(a) implementation of research, technological development and demonstration programmes, by
promoting cooperation with and between undertakings, research centres and universities;
(b) promotion of cooperation in the field of the Union's research, technological development and
demonstration with third countries and international organisations;
(c) dissemination and optimisation of the results of activities in the Union's research, technological
development and demonstration;
(d) stimulation of the training and mobility of researchers in the Union.
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1. The Union and the Member States shall coordinate their research and technological development
activities so as to ensure that national policies and the Union's policy are mutually consistent.
2. In close cooperation with the Member States, the Commission may take any useful initiative to
promote the coordination referred to in paragraph 1, in particular initiatives aiming at the
establishment of guidelines and indicators, the organisation of exchange of best practice, and the
preparation of the necessary elements for periodic monitoring and evaluation. The European
Parliament shall be kept fully informed.
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1. European laws shall establish a multiannual framework programme, setting out all the activities
financed by the Union. Such laws shall be adopted after consultation of the Economic and Social
Committee.
The framework programme shall:
(a) establish the scientific and technological objectives to be achieved by the activities provided for in
Article III-249 and lay down the relevant priorities;
(b) indicate the broad lines of such activities;
(c) lay down the maximum overall amount and the detailed rules for the Union's financial
participation in the framework programme and the respective shares in each of the activities
provided for.
2. The multiannual framework programme shall be adapted or supplemented as the situation
changes.
3. A European law of the Council shall establish specific programmes to implement the
multiannual framework programme within each activity. Each specific programme shall define the
detailed rules for implementing it, fix its duration and provide for the means deemed necessary. The
sum of the amounts deemed necessary, fixed in the specific programmes, shall not exceed the overall
maximum amount fixed for the framework programme and each activity. Such a law shall be adopted
after consulting the European Parliament and the Economic and Social Committee.
4. As a complement to the activities planned in the multiannual framework programme, European
laws shall establish the measures necessary for the implementation of the European research area.
Such laws shall be adopted after consulting the Economic and Social Committee.
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1. For the implementation of the multiannual framework programme, European laws or
framework laws shall establish:
(a) the rules for the participation of undertakings, research centres and universities;
(b) the rules governing the dissemination of research results.
Such European laws or framework laws shall be adopted after consultation of the Economic and
Social Committee.
2. In implementing the multiannual framework programme, European laws may establish
supplementary programmes involving the participation of certain Member States only, which shall
finance them subject to possible participation by the Union.
Such European laws shall determine the rules applicable to supplementary programmes, particularly
as regards the dissemination of knowledge as well as access by other Member States. They shall be
adopted after consultation of the Economic and Social Committee and with the agreement of the
Member States concerned.
3. In implementing the multiannual framework programme, European laws may make provision,
in agreement with the Member States concerned, for participation in research and development
programmes undertaken by several Member States, including participation in the structures created
for the execution of those programmes.
Such European laws shall be adopted after consultation of the Economic and Social Committee.
4. In implementing the multiannual framework programme the Union may make provision for
cooperation in the Union's research, technological development and demonstration with
third countries or international organisations.
The detailed arrangements for such cooperation may be the subject of agreements between the Union
and the third parties concerned.
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The Council, on a proposal from the Commission, may adopt European regulations or decisions to
set up joint undertakings or any other structure necessary for the efficient execution of the Union's
research, technological development and demonstration programmes. It shall act after consulting the
European Parliament and the Economic and Social Committee.
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1. To promote scientific and technical progress, industrial competitiveness and the implementation
of its policies, the Union shall draw up a European space policy. To this end, it may promote joint
initiatives, support research and technological development and coordinate the efforts needed for the
exploration and exploitation of space.
2. To contribute to attaining the objectives referred to in paragraph 1, European laws or framework
laws shall establish the necessary measures, which may take the form of a European space
programme.
3. The Union shall establish any appropriate relations with the European Space Agency.
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At the beginning of each year the Commission shall send a report to the European Parliament and the
Council. The report shall include information on activities relating to research, technological
development and the dissemination of results during the previous year, and the work programme for
the current year.
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